{"id":120875,"date":"2020-05-24T12:28:37","date_gmt":"2020-05-24T16:28:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gunsamerica.com\/digest\/?p=120875"},"modified":"2020-05-24T12:28:37","modified_gmt":"2023-09-06T09:46:24","slug":"how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gunsamerica.com\/digest\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\/","title":{"rendered":"How to do the BM59 Conversion on an M1 Receiver"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

After the\nend of the Second World War, the US government supplied the former axis nation\nof Italy a number of M1 rifles to help rebuild their army. A few years later,\nNATO standardized the 7.62 NATO round, and the various armies involved began\nissuing new rifles chambered in it. Initially, the Italians decided to convert\ntheir existing stockpiles of M1s to the new caliber and modernize them, rather\nthan produce whole new weapons. They machined the receivers to take a\ndetachable magazine. Thus the BM59 was created. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the last few years, BM59 parts kits have been available in the US. However, suitable receivers have been a sticking point for potential builders. To my knowledge, there are no receivers that are ready to use \u201coff the shelf\u201d currently available. Fortunately, the situation is not impossible. M1 receivers can be modified in the same fashion the Italians did. However, most of us would agree-chopping up an original M1 is something of sacrilege as they\u2019re not exactly growing on trees these days. In a previous article, I wrote about an M1 Drill Rifle. The drill rifles are good candidates for conversion as they\u2019re not functioning rifles anyway. In this article, I\u2019m going to describe the machining required to convert the receiver from that drill rifle (or any other M1 receiver) into a BM59 receiver. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is not a beginner\u2019s project or something you can do on a drill press. You need a milling machine and the knowledge to use it properly. If you don\u2019t have that, I would strongly<\/em> suggest that you farm this work out if you want to convert a receiver. There are folks that do this work. There is no sense in ruining a good receiver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While there\nare some blueprints floating around the internet, I have yet to find one that\nis solely for this conversion project. They all seem to be intended for\ncompletely machining a receiver (No small feat to say the least. It\u2019s pretty\neasy to see why the Italians modified existing receivers), and a lot of the\ndimensions important for this project seem to be unreadable on the prints that\nI could find. I don\u2019t think I saw any tolerances that I could actually read on\nthe prints that I did find. Hopefully, the information I\u2019ll provide here will\nshed a little light on things for those of you looking at a similar project. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

 You will need to use carbide tooling to perform the BM59 modifications on the M1 receiver. M1 receivers are fairly hard enough to not really be workable with high-speed steel (HSS) tooling in my estimation. That said, I still managed to get away using an HSS dovetail cutter for the stripper clip dovetail. The HSS keyway cutter I attempted to use later in this project did not work. I would recommend just using carbide tooling for both of these operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In doing research for this project, I have seen some people anneal the receivers prior to machining and then re-heat treat them afterward. I believe they\u2019re doing this to allow them to use HSS tooling for the machine work. This day in age, the availability of carbide tooling makes that concept a bit ridiculous in my opinion. Not all M1 receivers used the same steel or received the same heat treatment even within American made examples (those of you interested in metallurgy may find research on that topic to be quite interesting). So I definitely recommend using carbide tooling, and NOT messing with the original heat treatment of the receiver. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

I have provided the appropriate dimensions where they are relevant. But you may find that you need to do some additional fitting to get everything to go together properly when you decide to build your rifle. I would strongly recommend using layout dye and marking the dimensions on your receiver so you can see exactly what you\u2019re doing. You will also need some BM59 parts to be able to fit to them and to figure out some of the not-so-clear dimensions. You\u2019ll need a magazine, the front magazine catch, the bolt catch, and if you\u2019re going to install one, a stripper clip guide. So realistically, you need the parts kit you intend to build before you begin machining the receiver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A few remarks on some of the relevant legal stuff is in order. I am not a lawyer, so do not consider my project or remarks here to constitute legal advice. Obviously, anytime you build or modify a firearm, it needs to comply with NFA, and any other applicable laws or regulations. I reside in Tennessee, a state friendly to firearm owners. If you live in a locality hostile to the 2nd<\/sup> Amendment, you will likely need to take some extra steps to remain legal if it\u2019s possible at all. So plan your project accordingly if this applies to you. If you live in a state with an \u201cassault weapons ban\u201d, do some real homework before beginning a project such as this one. This project involves modifying an existing receiver that was in all likelihood produced before 1960, well before the cutoff date for what is considered \u201cpre-ban\u201d firearms in most places. I\u2019m not sure how this project would be viewed in that light. As such, I wouldn\u2019t even begin the machine work I\u2019m about to describe until you know for sure. Now that we\u2019ve covered that, on to the machining!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"How
Cutting the dovetail slot for the Stripper Clip Guide. Notice the machinist\u2019s jack supporting the rear of the receiver. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

There isn\u2019t\nreally a particular order that this has to be done in. So the first step I took\nin machining the receiver was to cut the dovetail for my stripper clip guide.\nThis is actually an optional step. You may not wish to add a stripper clip\nguide on your rifle, or the particular guide you choose may attach by another\nmeans. It is my understanding that some BM59 variants did not even have one.\nThe model I wanted to build is supposed to have one, so I wanted to install one\non mine. Regardless, I chose to do this first as I figured it might be a little\ntricky between the location of the dovetail and the angle of the feature that I\nneeded to machine it into. As I mentioned previously, I found the carbide\ndovetail cutters to be quite expensive so I decided to use HSS. I decided to\nget an extra just in case, and I did end up needing it because I broke the\nfirst one. In light of that, I\u2019d absolutely recommend just getting a carbide\ntool for this job if your guide attaches via dovetail. I roughed the dovetail out\nwith a carbide endmill, prior to using the dovetail cutter. Again, the\nparticular guide you use may call for a different method of attachment. So I\u2019m\nnot going to get into the exact details of this one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"How
I used a tight-fitting block of aluminum stuffed into the receiver to better support the legs while I was cutting the angles into them. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Next, I cut the angles onto the \u201clegs\u201d coming from the bottom of the receiver. This is necessary to allow the magazine to fit into the receiver. Since the legs really don\u2019t have good rigidity on the ends, I stuffed a tight-fitting piece of aluminum in between the legs to help reduce the chatter. The front leg is supposed to have a 70-degree angle. The rear is supposed to be 42 degrees. I *think* these are just for clearance, so you might be able to get away with not being exact though this will likely create the need for additional fitting down the line. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"How
I used a \u00bc\u201d endmill to open up the space between the receiver legs to allow the magazine to fit. You will likely have some fitting to do here. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Inside the\nlegs of the receiver are some grooves that were used for the follower assembly\nin the M1. These have to be removed, and the receiver opened up slightly to\nallow the BM59 magazine to fit. I could not find a good way to support the legs\nwhen doing this. So I used a smaller endmill (1\/4\u201d) and light cuts to reduce\nthe tool forces and the chatter. You will need an endmill with a fairly long\nflute length to be able to reach everything you need to machine. The area\nbetween the receiver legs needs to be 1.025\u201d wide from the front of the \u201cbridge\u201d\nat the back of the rear leg to the front of the rear leg. You will likely need\nto do some additional fitting here. I found the lack of rigidity of the legs\ncauses some movement, and I couldn\u2019t just \u201cgo to the numbers\u201d and be done with\nit. So, I used a magazine to check my progress, removing material from \u201ctight\nspots\u201d as I went. Obviously, the magazine is supposed to fit up into the\nreceiver until the stops on the mag prevent it from going further. It will not\ndo this completely until the cutouts in the front are complete as well. But\nchecking things as you go at this stage certainly won\u2019t hurt anything.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"How
This hole needs to be opened up to 8mm for the new pin. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Next, I opened up the pin hole in the front. The original size is supposed to be .159\u201d, and it needed to be opened up to .315 (8mm) for the bullet guide pin to fit. This hole needs to be pretty tight on that size to allow everything to fit properly. I believe the pin is supposed to be a press-fit into this hole. Otherwise, it looks like it could just fall out when the rifle is completely assembled. You need to find the center pretty closely, and you need to be absolutely sure that your receiver is level; otherwise, your hole will not turn out right. I used an endmill to machine the hole. I happened to have an 8mm carbide endmill-the exact size needed. I suppose you could get away with using a 5\/16 carbide tool to \u201crough\u201d it out, and then an appropriately sized HSS reamer for the last couple .001\u201ds needed to get the hole to size if you didn\u2019t have an 8mm carbide tool.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"How
Machining the clearance in the front for the magazine tab. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

After the hole, I machined the cutouts forward of the legs. Since rigidity wasn\u2019t as much of a concern on these cutouts, I used a \u00bd\u201d endmill to cut them. I didn\u2019t want to really crank on the receiver in the vise, so I still took pretty light cuts. They need to be about .210\u201d deep to allow the magazine to seat. The front edge is supposed to be .995\u201d back from the front of the receiver, and the rear edge is the front of the leg. Once you are done with these cutouts, your magazine should slide all the way into the receiver. Again, you will probably have some fitting to do before it will. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"How
A carbide cutter is necessary for machining the grooves for the front mag catch. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Next, it was time to cut the grooves for the front mag catch. I tried to use an HSS woodruff key cutter for this task. But, the hardened steel of the receiver ate it for lunch. So, I purchased a carbide woodruff key cutter for the job. The top of the slots are supposed to be .387\u201d from the bottom of the \u201cchannel\u201d. The receivers are supposed to be .102\u201d wide. These dimensions are fairly critical. Obviously, some math is required to figure out how to touch your tool off for this task. So be careful, take your time, and double-check all of your calculations. I measured the mating part surface and came up with a slot depth of about .060\u201d. My particular keyway cutter is .0938\u201d thick, so I had to make more than one pass to get to the .102\u201d slot width. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

I also\nneeded to remove some material right behind where the barrel comes in, to allow\nthe front magazine catch to fit into place. There is a small, angled surface\nthat must be removed for the front catch to fit. I used a \u00bc\u201d carbide endmill\nfor this task. I had to stick it out quite a bit to ensure that I could get\naround the receiver legs and still reach the area I needed to machine. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"How
You need to remove this angled surface to allow the front mag catch to fit into place. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The last\ncouple of operations all pertain to the bolt catch. A few features on the\noriginal bolt catch location have to be opened up to fit the larger BM59 bolt\ncatch. The bottom \u201cbar\u201d that runs along the bottom of the bolt catch must be\npartially removed. The existing through slot must be widened to allow the tab\non the new bolt catch to slide through. It\u2019s supposed to be .225\u201d wide. I used\na 3\/16\u201d carbide endmill for both of these tasks. You want the back of the slot\nto be even with the vertical portion inside of the receiver to ensure that the\ntab contacts the magazine follower, rather than another place on the\nmagazine.  I also needed to slightly open\nup the large opening in the bolt catch area of the receiver, as that portion of\nthe new bolt catch is slightly larger, about .010\u201d, than the old one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"How
Since it is hard to describe; here is a look at the bolt catch area after modification for clarity. Note the new hole for the spring and the slot. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

 There\u2019s also supposed to be a small blind hole\nfor the spring added as well. However, I had no luck at all actually turning up\ndimensions for this. So, I used the new bolt catch to figure out as close as I\ncould where it was supposed to go. I measured the spring, and the hole in the\nbolt catch itself. I decided to just go with the 3\/16 carbide endmill because\nit was the next fractional size up from the diameter of the spring that I\nactually had on hand. The resulting hole is probably larger than the original,\nbut that allows room for the inevitable misalignment that would come from how I\nlocated it. Regardless, it puts the spring where it\u2019s supposed to be, and the\ncatch operates properly when installed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"How
The BM59 parts installed after the conversion work is completed to illustrate how everything is supposed to fit. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

With no ready to use receivers available, modifying an M1 receiver is probably the best option to get a BM59 receiver. It is what the Italians did originally when they started making BM59 rifles. The lack of BM59 receivers currently available doesn\u2019t leave much choice if you want to build one. If you have a milling machine and the knowledge to use it, you will find this to be a challenging and rewarding project.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buy and Sell on GunsAmerica!<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The lack of BM59 receivers currently available doesn\u2019t leave much choice if you want to build one. If you have a milling machine and the knowledge to use it, you will find this to be a challenging and rewarding project. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":80,"featured_media":120884,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_specdata_upc":"","_specdata_placement":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1052,72,284],"tags":[132,102,614,638,2262],"featured":[],"hunt365":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-120875","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-chris-mace","8":"category-columns-gunsmithing","9":"category-training-gunsmithing","10":"tag-buzz","11":"tag-feature-articles","12":"tag-gunsmithing","13":"tag-how-to","14":"tag-m1-rifle"},"yoast_head":"\nHow to do the BM59 Conversion on an M1 Receiver<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How to do the BM59 Conversion on an M1 Receiver - Chris Mace\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gunsamerica.com\/digest\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to do the BM59 Conversion on an M1 Receiver\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The lack of BM59 receivers currently available doesn\u2019t leave much choice if you want to build one. If you have a milling machine and the knowledge to use it, you will find this to be a challenging and rewarding project.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/gunsamerica.com\/digest\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Gun Reviews and News | GunsAmerica.com\/Digest\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/gunsamerica\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-05-24T16:28:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-09-06T09:46:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/gunsamerica.com\/digest\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Parts-Installed.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Christopher Mace\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@gunsamerica\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@gunsamerica\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Christopher Mace\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Christopher Mace\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d947747eb541fa81bad26ba9ea635d9d\"},\"headline\":\"How to do the BM59 Conversion on an M1 Receiver\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-05-24T16:28:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-09-06T09:46:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2544,\"commentCount\":6,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/Parts-Installed.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Buzz\",\"Feature Articles\",\"Gunsmithing\",\"How To\",\"M1 rifle\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Chris Mace\",\"Gunsmithing\",\"Training\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\\\/\",\"name\":\"How to do the BM59 Conversion on an M1 Receiver\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/how-to-do-the-bm59-conversion-on-an-m1-receiver\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gunsamerica.com\\\/digest\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/Parts-Installed.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-05-24T16:28:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-09-06T09:46:24+00:00\",\"description\":\"How to do the BM59 Conversion on an M1 Receiver - 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He served in the 82nd & 101st Airborne Divisions, with four deployments to Afghanistan & Iraq. Chris started hobby gunsmithing in 2005. After completing his service in 2010, he earned AAS degrees in Machining as well as Welding & Fabrication, and a Gunsmithing Technician Certificate from Trinidad State Junior College. Chris has taken several armorers courses on different firearms, and has built several different types of firearms. He has been collecting & shooting military firearms, old and new since he was 18. 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