{"id":117301,"date":"2020-08-15T11:28:25","date_gmt":"2020-08-15T15:28:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gunsamerica.com\/digest\/?p=117301"},"modified":"2020-08-15T11:28:25","modified_gmt":"2023-09-06T05:51:13","slug":"valerie-solanas-the-m1935-beretta-and-the-protracted-murder-of-andy-warhol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gunsamerica.com\/digest\/valerie-solanas-the-m1935-beretta-and-the-protracted-murder-of-andy-warhol\/","title":{"rendered":"Valerie Solanas, the M1935 Beretta, and the Protracted Murder of Andy Warhol"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"Valerie
Andy Warhol was a generation-defining artist. His penchant for befriending strange people was ultimately his undoing. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Valerie Solanas was born in 1936 to Louis\nSolanas and Dorothy Marie Biondo. Valerie\u2019s dad was a\nbartender who sexually abused her. Her mom was a dental assistant. Her parents\ndivorced when she was young. Valerie subsequently found her new stepfather\nrepugnant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Like most of the shooters we have profiled in this series, Valerie Solanas was the product of a fairly horrible childhood. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

As a child, Valerie wrote insults and sold then for a dime apiece to other kids at school. At age 13 she left to live with her grandparents, but her grandfather was a violent alcoholic who beat her. By age 15 she was homeless. Two years later she became pregnant by a married sailor and gave the child up for adoption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
In every photograph I could find of Valerie Solanas she appeared angry. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Amazingly Valerie nonetheless finished high school on time and even earned a degree in psychology from the University of Maryland. She was in the Psi Chi honor society. While in college she hosted a radio call-in show where she dispensed advice on how to combat men. Along the way, she came out as a lesbian, something that was fairly groundbreaking at the time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Valerie\u2019s SCUM Manifesto<\/em> eventually acquired a feminist following. It is taught in some universities today. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Soon thereafter Valerie started an organization called S.C.U.M.,\nshort for the \u201cSociety for Cutting Up Men.\u201d She was the sole member. She eventually\npenned her SCUM Manifesto<\/em>, a steaming\nsexist screed that outlined her plans for a world without men. Her masterwork\nbegins thusly\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Life\u201d in this \u201csociety\u201d\nbeing, at best, an utter bore and no aspect of \u201csociety\u201d being at all relevant\nto women, there remains to civic-minded, responsible, thrill-seeking females\nonly to overthrow the government, eliminate the money system, institute\ncomplete automation and eliminate the male sex.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meeting Warhol<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"Valerie
Andy Warhol was a popular figure. His celebrity status attracted attention. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Valerie gravitated toward outlying personalities. In 1967 she met a successful artist named Andy Warhol while living in New York City. Valerie had penned a play with the catchy minimalist title, \u201cUp Your Ass.\u201d Convinced that this piece of Haute literature was destined for success most incalculable, she presented Warhol with a copy of the script. Warhol was known to produce quirky short plays and films, and Valerie saw him as her golden ticket to success.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Warhol\u2019s art was quirky. He was known to produce fringe productions that others might not. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Warhol, for his part, was apparently kind and respectful. He pointed out that the manuscript was \u201cwell-typed.\u201d Many of Warhol\u2019s previous film works had been so heavily pornographic that the police had intervened. Once he appreciated the unbridled vulgarity of Valerie\u2019s play he became convinced it was part of a Law Enforcement sting. Warhol subsequently discarded the document in a trunk filled with lighting equipment and pondered it no further. Valerie, by contrast, was just warming up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Warhol treated Solanas kindly, but her profound mental illness drove her to ever-more bizarre extremes of behavior. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Valerie hounded Warhol mercilessly over the\nmanuscript. Warhol attempted to placate her by paying her $25 to take a bit\npart in one of his movies titled \u201cI, a Man.\u201d Valerie was not to be dissuaded,\nhowever. As time passed she became more and more convinced that Andy Warhol was\nstealing her intellectual property, intending to produce her remarkable play as\nhis own. She borrowed $50 from a writer friend named Paul Krassner and purchased\na pair of handguns. One was a .22-caliber revolver. The other was a Beretta\nM1935 automatic in .32ACP. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Shooting<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"Valerie
On the day Warhol was shot, Valerie Solanas first approached Margo Eden in an effort at getting her nonsensical play produced. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Solanas tracked down producer Margo Eden at her home and badgered her for four hours about producing her wretched play. When Eden adamantly refused, Solanas produced a handgun. Apparently the play was so bad that Eden preferred death. In frustration, Valerie announced that she would, therefore, shoot Andy Warhol, earn her fifteen minutes of fame, and get her play produced by that means. She then stormed out in a huff.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Ms. Eden tried desperately to alert the authorities to Solanas\u2019 nefarious intent but could not get Law Enforcement officials to believer her. One officer told her, \u201cHow would you know what a gun looks like?\u201d <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Eden frantically contacted her local police station, the station in Warhol\u2019s precinct, and the NYPD headquarters in addition to the Mayor, John Lindsay\u2019s office as well as that of New York Governor, Nelson Rockefeller. No one believed her. Meanwhile, Solanas made her way to Warhol\u2019s studio, The Factory, and inquired as to Warhol\u2019s whereabouts. When she was told he was not there she simply rode the elevator up and down until he returned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Andy Warhol\u2019s studio, The Factory,<\/em> was as eclectic and quirky as was he. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Warhol finally boarded the lift with Solanas and accompanied her upstairs along with his manager, Fred Hughes, art critic Mario Amaya, and an American film director named Paul Morrissey. Upon their arrival, Morrissey retired to the bathroom and Warhol turned around to answer the phone. Valerie used the distraction to retrieve her diminutive Beretta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Valerie fired at Warhol from behind, eventually connecting after he fell to the floor. This is a still taken from an FX movie about the shooting. Note that the gun appears to be a Spanish Astra rather than the Beretta she actually used. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Solanas fired three rounds at Warhol from behind,\ntwo of which missed. The third, however, struck him in the back and followed a\ncircuitous route, perforating his spleen, stomach, liver, esophagus, and both\nlungs. Valerie then indexed to Amaya and shot him in the hip. She attempted to\nshoot Hughes in the head, but her gun jammed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Warhol was rushed to a nearby hospital clinging tenuously to life. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Hughes apparently then requested that Solanas\nleave and she did, abandoning a paper bag containing her address book. Warhol\nwas rushed to the Columbus-Mother Cabrini Hospital where he underwent a\nfive-hour surgery. At one point he arrested on the table. Surgeons opened\nWarhol\u2019s chest and conducted a manual cardiac massage to restore his heart\nfunction. Warhol spent two months in the hospital and was forced to wear a\nsurgical corset for the rest of his life. He was forever after terrified of\nhospitals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Warhol was grievously injured in the shooting. His injuries necessitated a medical garment to compensate for his damaged abdominal muscles. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Solanas later that day approached a random New York\npolice officer, handed over her two firearms, and confessed to the crime. She\nsaid she had done it because Warhol \u201chad too much control in my life.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Valerie took umbrage with the headline describing her crime the following day. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The following day the New York Daily News<\/em> ran the headline, \u201cActress Shoots Andy Warhol.\u201d\nSolanas demanded a retraction claiming that she was a writer, not an actress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Gun<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"Valerie
The Beretta Model 1935 was a fairly anemic WW2-era service pistol. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The M1934 Beretta was the standard-issue military handgun for the Italian armed forces starting in 1937. Chambered in 9mm Corto (.380ACP), the M1934 was Beretta\u2019s answer to the Walther PPK. Valerie Solanas\u2019 M1935 was the same gun chambered in .32ACP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Though the slide locks to the rear on the last shot fired, this actually slows down reloads. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The M1935 sports a heel-mounted magazine release after the European fashion and an 8-round single stack box magazine. The gun has an exposed hammer and a single-action trigger. The safety on the left side of the frame rotates through 180 degrees and can be used to lock the slide to the rear manually. The slide locks back over an empty magazine but flies forward of its own accord when the magazine is subsequently removed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
The Beretta M1935 is a simple gun that is easy to use. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The M1935 included the Beretta open-topped slide\nand an unlocked straight blowback action. The gun was considered reliable and\nwas made from completely interchangeable parts, a radical concept for its era.\nBeretta produced just over half a million copies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Italian weapons like this Beretta 38A were popular among German Fallschirmjagers. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The M1935 was widely issued to Italian forces and\nsaw extensive service in the German military as well. The Germans never could\nget enough handguns to serve their needs, so they ended up using a wide variety\nof foreign designs. This was particularly the case with the Waffen SS,\nFallschirmjagers, and Kriegsmarine. The M1935 was also widely sold on the\ncivilian market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Rest of the Story<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"Valerie
Valerie\u2019s story was tragic from birth to the grave. While incarcerated she was formally diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Valerie became even more unhinged after her trial\nand incarceration. During her arraignment she denied that Warhol\u2019s refusal to\nproduce her play was the motive behind her crime, claiming rather that, \u201cit was\nfor the opposite reason,\u201d whatever that means. She told the judge, \u201cIt\u2019s not\noften I shoot somebody. I didn\u2019t do it for nothing.\u201d She insisted on\nrepresenting herself in court and claimed she, \u201cwas right in what I did! I have\nnothing to regret!\u201d The judge had her incoherent commentary stricken from the\ncourt record and remanded her to Bellevue Hospital for psychiatric evaluation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Valerie Solanas spent three years behind bars for the attempted murder of Andy Warhol. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

She later stated, \u201cI consider that a moral act.\nAnd I consider it immoral that I missed. I should have done target practice.\u201d\nShe spent three years in the Matteawan Hospital for the Criminally Insane. The\nmonth she began serving her sentence her SCUM Manifesto indeed saw publication.\nShe was released in 1971.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Andy Warhol\u2019s shooting had a dampening effect on his art. Afterward, his work became darker and more brooding. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Andy Warhol was never quite the same after the\nshooting. He wrote in his diary, \u201cI said that I wasn\u2019t creative after I was\nshot, because after that I stopped seeing creepy people.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Warhol\u2019s preoccupation with death manifests in his work. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Valerie
Warhol had acquaintances bring guns by his studio so he could use them in his artistic projects. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

After the shooting, Warhol became somewhat obsessed with violence and death, painting a series of skulls and guns. More than that, however, he developed an intense aversion to hospitals. It was this phobia that eventually killed him.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Warhol\u2019s reluctance to seek medical attention ultimately claimed his life. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nineteen years after the attack, Warhol was suffering from a severe protracted case of gallbladder disease, something that in the modern era is a fairly easy surgical fix. However, he chose to try to treat this mechanical problem over several years with healing crystals. When he finally reported to a hospital he was grievously ill. By the time he actually submitted to surgery, he was severely weakened and died from cardiac arrest post-op.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Solanas never was quite right, wandering the country homeless before settling in San Francisco. She died of pneumonia in 1988, fifteen months after Warhol\u2019s passing. Her landlord discovered her while inquiring about past-due rent. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Valerie Solanas continued harassing Warhol after her release but nonetheless became a heroine to many in the radical feminist movement. She was homeless for a time and died destitute in San Francisco at age 52. Up Your Ass<\/em> was indeed produced as a stage production by the George Coates Performance Works in San Francisco in 2000. I haven\u2019t seen it. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
This Warhol print with appropriate provenance sold at auction for 220,000 British pounds. Apparently I\u2019m in the wrong line of work. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In shooting the avant-garde artist, Andy Warhol, a mentally ill aspiring writer named Valerie Solanas did indeed achieve her fifteen minutes of fame.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Valerie
Warhol was obsessed with popular culture, building a thriving art empire around it. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Valerie<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Buy and Sell on GunsAmerica!<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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